1. **仁者爱人，以仁治国。** (Rén zhě ài rén, yǐ rén zhì guó.)
The benevolent love others and govern the country with benevolence.
2. **德者，其本也；刑者，其末也。** (Dé zhě, qí běn yě; xíng zhě, qí mò yě.)
Virtue is the foundation; punishment is the last resort.
3. **民为邦本，本固邦宁。** (Mín wéi bāng běn, běn gù bāng níng.)
The people are the foundation of the state; when the foundation is strong, the state is stable.
4. **治国之道，在安民。** (Zhì guó zhī dào, zài ān mín.)
The way to govern a country lies in ensuring the well-being of its people.
5. **以德服人，方可长治久安。** (Yǐ dé fú rén, fāng kě cháng zhì jiǔ ān.)
Only by conquering people with virtue can a country achieve lasting peace and stability.
6. **天下为公，公而无私。** (Tiān xià wéi gōng, gōng ér wú sī.)
The world belongs to all, public and selfless.
7. **兼爱非攻，天下大同。** (Jiān ài fēi gōng, tiān xià dà tóng.)
Universal love and no aggression, leading to a world of great harmony.
8. **道之以德，齐之以礼。** (Dào zhī yǐ dé, qí zhī yǐ lǐ.)
Guide them with virtue and align them with propriety.
9. **上善若水，水善利万物而不争。** (Shàng shàn ruò shuǐ, shuǐ shàn lì wàn wù ér bù zhēng.)
The highest good is like water, water benefits all things without contention.
10. **己所不欲，勿施于人。** (Jǐ suǒ bù yù, wù shī yú rén.)
Do not do to others what you would not have them do to you.
11. **仁义礼智信，五常之道也。** (Rén yì lǐ zhì xìn, wǔ cháng zhī dào yě.)
Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness are the five constant virtues.
12. **国之大事，在祀与戎。** (Guó zhī dà shì, zài sì yǔ róng.)
The major affairs of the state are sacrifices and war.
13. **民心者，国之宝也。** (Mín xīn zhě, guó zhī bǎo yě.)
The people's hearts are the treasure of the state.
14. **无为而治，天之道也。** (Wú wéi ér zhì, tiān zhī dào yě.)
To govern without doing, this is the way of heaven.
15. **法治天下，以德化民。** (Fǎ zhì tiān xià, yǐ dé huà mín.)
Govern the world with law and transform the people with virtue.
16. **修身齐家治国平天下。** (Xiū shēn qí jiā zhì guó píng tiān xià.)
Cultivate oneself, govern one's family, govern the state, and bring peace to the world.
17. **圣人不治，而天下自治。** (Shèng rén bù zhì, ér tiān xià zì zhì.)
The sage does not rule, and the world governs itself.
18. **知人善任，乃为明君。** (Zhī rén shàn rèn, nǎi wéi míng jūn.)
To know people and to use them well is the mark of a wise ruler.
19. **以民为本，则民可信也。** (Yǐ mín wéi běn, zé mín kě xìn yě.)
If the people are the foundation, then the people can be trusted.
20. **天将降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。** (Tiān jiāng jiàng dà rèn yú sī rén yě, bì xiān kǔ qí xīn zhì, láo qí jīn gǔ, è qí tǐ fū, kōng fá qí shēn, xíng fú luàn qí suǒ wéi, suǒ yǐ dòng xīn rěn xìng, céng yì qí suǒ bù néng.)
Heaven, when about to confer a great responsibility on any man, will first test his mind by suffering, his sinews and bones by hardship, his body by hunger, expose him to poverty, and confound his undertakings. In this way, it stimulates his spirit and toughens his nature and enables him to achieve what he would otherwise be incapable of.
21. **为政以德，匹夫之责也。** (Wéi zhèng yǐ dé, pǐ fū zhī zé yě.)
Governing with virtue is the responsibility of every commoner.
22. **上善若水，水善利万物而不争。** (Shàng shàn ruò shuǐ, shuǐ shàn lì wàn wù ér bù zhēng.)
The highest good is like water, water benefits all things without contention.
23. **仁者无敌。** (Rén zhě wú dí.)
The benevolent have no enemy.
24. **君子成人之美，不成人之恶。** (Jūn zǐ chéng rén zhī měi, bù chéng rén zhī è.)
The noble person helps others to achieve their good qualities, not their bad ones.
25. **己所不欲，勿施于人。** (Jǐ suǒ bù yù, wù shī yú rén.)
Do not do to others what you would not have them do to you.
26. **天下兴亡，匹夫有责。** (Tiān xià xīng wáng, pǐ fū yǒu zé.)
The fate of the world is the responsibility of every commoner.
27. **民为邦本，本固邦宁。** (Mín wéi bāng běn, běn gù bāng níng.)
The people are the foundation of the state; when the foundation is strong, the state is stable.
28. **正心诚意，修身齐家。** (Zhèng xīn chéng yì, xiū shēn qí jiā.)
Rectify your heart, make your intentions sincere, cultivate yourself, and govern your family.
29. **以民为本，则民可信也。** (Yǐ mín wéi běn, zé mín kě xìn yě.)
If the people are the foundation, then the people can be trusted.
30. **道之以德，齐之以礼。** (Dào zhī yǐ dé, qí zhī yǐ lǐ.)
Guide them with virtue and align them with propriety.
31. **为政以德，匹夫之责也。** (Wéi zhèng yǐ dé, pǐ fū zhī zé yě.)
Governing with virtue is the responsibility of every commoner.
32. **民心者，国之宝也。** (Mín xīn zhě, guó zhī bǎo yě.)
The people's hearts are the treasure of the state.
33. **天将降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。** (Tiān jiāng jiàng dà rèn yú sī rén yě, bì xiān kǔ qí xīn zhì, láo qí jīn gǔ, è qí tǐ fū, kōng fá qí shēn, xíng fú luàn qí suǒ wéi, suǒ yǐ dòng xīn rěn xìng, céng yì qí suǒ bù néng.)
Heaven, when about to confer a great responsibility on any man, will first test his mind by suffering, his sinews and bones by hardship, his body by hunger, expose him to poverty, and confound his undertakings. In this way, it stimulates his spirit and toughens his nature and enables him to achieve what he would otherwise be incapable of.
34. **无为而治，天之道也。** (Wú wéi ér zhì, tiān zhī dào yě.)
To govern without doing, this is the way of heaven.
35. **上善若水，水善利万物而不争。** (Shàng shàn ruò shuǐ, shuǐ shàn lì wàn wù ér bù zhēng.)
The highest good is like water, water benefits all things without contention.
36. **国之大事，在祀与戎。** (Guó zhī dà shì, zài sì yǔ róng.)
The major affairs of the state are sacrifices and war.
37. **仁义礼智信，五常之道也。** (Rén yì lǐ zhì xìn, wǔ cháng zhī dào yě.)
Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness are the five constant virtues.
38. **己所不欲，勿施于人。** (Jǐ suǒ bù yù, wù shī yú rén.)
Do not do to others what you would not have them do to you.
39. **君子成人之美，不成人之恶。** (Jūn zǐ chéng rén zhī měi, bù chéng rén zhī è.)
The noble person helps others to achieve their good qualities, not their bad ones.
40. **仁者爱人，以仁治国。** (Rén zhě ài rén, yǐ rén zhì guó.)
The benevolent love others and govern the country with benevolence.
41. **知人善任，乃为明君。** (Zhī rén shàn rèn, nǎi wéi míng jūn.)
To know people and to use them well is the mark of a wise ruler.
42. **德者，其本也；刑者，其末也。** (Dé zhě, qí běn yě; xíng zhě, qí mò yě.)
Virtue is the foundation; punishment is the last resort.
43. **法治天下，以德化民。** (Fǎ zhì tiān xià, yǐ dé huà mín.)
Govern the world with law and transform the people with virtue.
44. **上善若水，水善利万物而不争。** (Shàng shàn ruò shuǐ, shuǐ shàn lì wàn wù ér bù zhēng.)
The highest good is like water, water benefits all things without contention.
45. **修身齐家治国平天下。** (Xiū shēn qí jiā zhì guó píng tiān xià.)
Cultivate oneself, govern one's family, govern the state, and bring peace to the world.
46. **仁者无敌。** (Rén zhě wú dí.)
The benevolent have no enemy.
47. **天下为公，公而无私。** (Tiān xià wéi gōng, gōng ér wú sī.)
The world belongs to all, public and selfless.
48. **兼爱非攻，天下大同。** (Jiān ài fēi gōng, tiān xià dà tóng.)
Universal love and no aggression, leading to a world of great harmony.
49. **为政以德，匹夫之责也。** (Wéi zhèng yǐ dé, pǐ fū zhī zé yě.)
Governing with virtue is the responsibility of every commoner.
50. **圣人不治，而天下自治。** (Shèng rén bù zhì, ér tiān xià zì zhì.)
The sage does not rule, and the world governs itself.
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